]> git.alsa-project.org Git - alsa-utils.git/commitdiff
More verbose errors, added safe_read for pipes
authorJaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Sat, 19 Aug 2000 09:08:39 +0000 (09:08 +0000)
committerJaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
Sat, 19 Aug 2000 09:08:39 +0000 (09:08 +0000)
aplay/aplay.c

index 9f3aa672cc352d519cfc34cd7bffeaf1a32050bd..269a5f5b3a15924c3160f686f68698452af2b5c5 100644 (file)
@@ -113,12 +113,24 @@ struct fmt_capture {
        {       begin_au,       end_wave,       "Sparc Audio"   }
 };
 
+#if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 95)
+#define error(...) do {\
+       fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s:%d: ", command, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); \
+       fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); \
+} while (0)
+#else
+#define error(args...) do {\
+       fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s:%d: ", command, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); \
+       fprintf(stderr, ##args); \
+} while (0)
+#endif 
+
 static void check_new_format(snd_pcm_format_t * format)
 {
         if (cpinfo.rates & (SND_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS|SND_PCM_RATE_KNOT)) {
                 if (format->rate < cpinfo.min_rate ||
                     format->rate > cpinfo.max_rate) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported rate %iHz (valid range is %iHz-%iHz)\n", command, format->rate, cpinfo.min_rate, cpinfo.max_rate);
+                       error("unsupported rate %iHz (valid range is %iHz-%iHz)\n", format->rate, cpinfo.min_rate, cpinfo.max_rate);
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
         } else {
@@ -138,26 +150,26 @@ static void check_new_format(snd_pcm_format_t * format)
                 default:        r = 0; break;
                 }
                 if (!(cpinfo.rates & r)) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported rate %iHz\n", command, format->rate);
+                       error("unsupported rate %iHz\n", format->rate);
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
        if (cpinfo.min_channels > format->channels || cpinfo.max_channels < format->channels) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported number of channels %i (valid range is %i-%i)\n", command, format->channels, cpinfo.min_channels, cpinfo.max_channels);
+               error("unsupported number of channels %i (valid range is %i-%i)\n", format->channels, cpinfo.min_channels, cpinfo.max_channels);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (!(cpinfo.formats & (1 << format->format))) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported format %s\n", command, snd_pcm_format_name(format->format));
+               error("unsupported format %s\n", snd_pcm_format_name(format->format));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (format->channels > 1) {
                if (format->interleave) {
                        if (!(cinfo.flags & SND_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVE)) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported interleaved format\n", command);
+                               error("unsupported interleaved format\n");
                                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                        }
                } else if (!(cinfo.flags & SND_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVE)) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: unsupported non interleaved format\n", command);
+                       error("unsupported non interleaved format\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
@@ -216,18 +228,18 @@ static void device_list(void)
 
        mask = snd_cards_mask();
        if (!mask) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: no soundcards found...\n", command);
+               error("no soundcards found...\n");
                return;
        }
        for (card = 0; card < SND_CARDS; card++) {
                if (!(mask & (1 << card)))
                        continue;
                if ((err = snd_ctl_open(&handle, card)) < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: control open (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
+                       error("control open (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
                        continue;
                }
                if ((err = snd_ctl_hw_info(handle, &info)) < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: control hardware info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
+                       error("control hardware info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
                        snd_ctl_close(handle);
                        continue;
                }
@@ -236,7 +248,7 @@ static void device_list(void)
                        pcminfo.stream = -stream - 1;
                        pcminfo.subdevice = -1;
                        if ((err = snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, &pcminfo)) < 0) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: control digital audio info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
+                               error("control digital audio info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (pcminfo.stream != stream)
@@ -251,7 +263,7 @@ static void device_list(void)
                        for (idx = 0; idx < pcminfo.subdevices_count; idx++) {
                                pcminfo.subdevice = idx;
                                if ((err = snd_ctl_pcm_info(handle, &pcminfo)) < 0) {
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: control digital audio playback info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
+                                       error("control digital audio playback info (%i): %s\n", card, snd_strerror(err));
                                } else {
                                        fprintf(stderr, "  Subdevice #%i: %s\n", idx, pcminfo.subname);
                                }
@@ -337,7 +349,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        direct = 0;
                        pcms_count++;
                } else if (pcm_channels != pcms_channels[pcm]) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: different channels count specified for the same pcm\n");
+                       error("different channels count specified for the same pcm\n");
                        exit(1);
                }
                return pcm;
@@ -353,7 +365,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                stream = SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
                command = "aplay";
        } else {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Error: command should be named either arecord or aplay\n");
+               error("command should be named either arecord or aplay\n");
                return 1;
        }
 
@@ -378,49 +390,49 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                case 'C':
                        pcm_card = snd_card_name(optarg);
                        if (pcm_card < 0) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: soundcard '%s' not found\n", optarg);
+                               error("soundcard '%s' not found\n", optarg);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        pcm_dev = atoi(optarg);
                        if (pcm_dev < 0 || pcm_dev > 32) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: device %i is invalid\n", pcm_dev);
+                               error("device %i is invalid\n", pcm_dev);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'S':
                        pcm_subdev = atoi(optarg);
                        if (pcm_subdev < 0 || pcm_subdev > 32) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: subdevice %i is invalid\n", pcm_subdev);
+                               error("subdevice %i is invalid\n", pcm_subdev);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'H':
                        pcm_channels = atoi(optarg);
                        if (pcm_channels < 1 || pcm_channels > 32) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: value %i for channels is invalid\n", pcm_channels);
+                               error("value %i for channels is invalid\n", pcm_channels);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'h':
                        client_channel = strtol(optarg, &ptr, 10);
                        if (*ptr != ',' || ptr == optarg) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: invalid channel binding syntax\n");
+                               error("invalid channel binding syntax\n");
                                return 1;
                        }
                        beg = ptr + 1;
                        slave_channel = strtol(beg, &ptr, 10);
                        if (*ptr || ptr == optarg) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: invalid channel binding syntax\n");
+                               error("invalid channel binding syntax\n");
                                return 1;
                        }
                        if (client_channel >= rformat.channels) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: attempt to bind unavailable channel %d\n", client_channel);
+                               error("attempt to bind unavailable channel %d\n", client_channel);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        if (slave_channel >= pcm_channels) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: attempt to bind to an unavailable PCM channel %d\n", slave_channel);
+                               error("attempt to bind to an unavailable PCM channel %d\n", slave_channel);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        pcm = get_pcm();
@@ -440,14 +452,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        else if (strcasecmp(optarg, "wav") == 0)
                                file_type = FORMAT_WAVE;
                        else {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: unrecognized file format %s\n", optarg);
+                               error("unrecognized file format %s\n", optarg);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'c':
                        rformat.channels = atoi(optarg);
                        if (rformat.channels < 1 || rformat.channels > 32) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: value %i for channels is invalid\n", rformat.channels);
+                               error("value %i for channels is invalid\n", rformat.channels);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
@@ -463,7 +475,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        } else {
                                rformat.format = snd_pcm_format_value(optarg);
                                if (rformat.format < 0) {
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: wrong extended format '%s'\n", optarg);
+                                       error("wrong extended format '%s'\n", optarg);
                                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                }
                        }
@@ -474,7 +486,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                                tmp *= 1000;
                        rformat.rate = tmp;
                        if (tmp < 2000 || tmp > 128000) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: bad speed value %i\n", tmp);
+                               error("bad speed value %i\n", tmp);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        break;
@@ -522,7 +534,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                pcm = get_pcm();
                for (c = 0; c < rformat.channels; ++c) {
                        if (c > pcm_channels) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: attempt to bind to an unavailable PCM channel %d\n", c);
+                               error("attempt to bind to an unavailable PCM channel %d\n", c);
                                return 1;
                        }
                        binds_pcm[binds_count] = pcm;
@@ -560,7 +572,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                for (pcm = 0; pcm < pcms_count; ++pcm) {
                        char *cardname;
                        if ((err = snd_card_get_longname(pcms_card[pcm], &cardname)) < 0) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: unable to obtain longname: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+                               error("unable to obtain longname: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                                return 1;
                        }
                        fprintf(stderr, "Using soundcard '%s'\n", cardname);
@@ -576,21 +588,21 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                        else
                                err = snd_pcm_plug_open_subdevice(&handles[pcm], pcms_card[pcm], pcms_dev[pcm], pcms_subdev[pcm], stream, open_mode);
                        if (err < 0) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+                               error("audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                                return 1;
                        }
                }
                if (multi) {
                        err = snd_pcm_multi_create(&handle, pcms_count, handles, pcms_channels, binds_count, binds_client_channel, binds_pcm, binds_slave_channel, 1);
                        if (err < 0) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "Error: audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+                               error("audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                                return 1;
                        }
                        if (!multi_direct) {
                                snd_pcm_t *h = handle;
                                err = snd_pcm_plug_create(&handle, h, 1);
                                if (err < 0) {
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "Error: audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+                                       error("audio open error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                                        return 1;
                                }
                        }
@@ -601,19 +613,19 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
        if (nonblock) {
                err = snd_pcm_nonblock(handle, 1);
                if (err < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "nonblock setting error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+                       error("nonblock setting error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        memset(&cinfo, 0, sizeof(cinfo));
        if ((err = snd_pcm_info(handle, &cinfo)) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Error: info error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+               error("info error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                return 1;
        }
 
        memset(&cpinfo, 0, sizeof(cpinfo));
        if ((err = snd_pcm_params_info(handle, &cpinfo)) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Error: params info error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+               error("params info error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
                return 1;
        }
 
@@ -622,7 +634,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
        audiobuf = (char *)malloc(1024);
        if (audiobuf == NULL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Error: not enough memory\n");
+               error("not enough memory\n");
                return 1;
        }
 
@@ -662,6 +674,25 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Safe read (for pipes)
+ */
+ssize_t safe_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)
+{
+       ssize_t result = 0, res;
+
+       while (count > 0) {
+               res = read(fd, buf, count);
+               if (res < 0)
+                       return result > 0 ? result : res;
+               count -= res;
+               result += res;
+               (char *)buf += res;
+       }
+       return result;
+}
+
 /*
  * Test, if it is a .VOC file and return >=0 if ok (this is the length of rest)
  *                                       < 0 if not 
@@ -697,18 +728,17 @@ static int test_wavefile(void *buffer, size_t size)
        while (c->type != WAV_FMT) {
                c = (WaveChunkHeader*)((char*)c + sizeof(*c) + LE_INT(c->length));
                if ((char *)c + sizeof(*c) > (char*) buffer + size) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot found WAVE fmt chunk\n", command);
+                       error("cannot found WAVE fmt chunk\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
        f = (WaveFmtHeader*) c;
        if (LE_SHORT(f->format) != WAV_PCM_CODE) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play not PCM-coded WAVE-files\n", command);
+               error("can't play not PCM-coded WAVE-files\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (LE_SHORT(f->modus) < 1) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play WAVE-files with %d tracks\n",
-                       command, LE_SHORT(f->modus));
+               error("can't play WAVE-files with %d tracks\n", LE_SHORT(f->modus));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        format.channels = LE_SHORT(f->modus);
@@ -720,15 +750,14 @@ static int test_wavefile(void *buffer, size_t size)
                format.format = SND_PCM_SFMT_S16_LE;
                break;
        default:
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play WAVE-files with sample %d bits wide\n",
-                       command, LE_SHORT(f->bit_p_spl));
+               error(" can't play WAVE-files with sample %d bits wide\n", LE_SHORT(f->bit_p_spl));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        format.rate = LE_INT(f->sample_fq);
        while (c->type != WAV_DATA) {
                c = (WaveChunkHeader*)((char*)c + sizeof(*c) + LE_INT(c->length));
                if ((char *)c + sizeof(*c) > (char*) buffer + size) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot found WAVE data chunk\n", command);
+                       error("cannot found WAVE data chunk\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
@@ -771,8 +800,8 @@ static int test_au(int fd, void *buffer)
        format.channels = BE_INT(ap->channels);
        if (format.channels < 1 || format.channels > 128)
                return -1;
-       if (read(fd, buffer + sizeof(AuHeader), BE_INT(ap->hdr_size) - sizeof(AuHeader)) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error\n", command);
+       if (safe_read(fd, buffer + sizeof(AuHeader), BE_INT(ap->hdr_size) - sizeof(AuHeader)) != BE_INT(ap->hdr_size) - sizeof(AuHeader)) {
+               error("read error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        check_new_format(&format);
@@ -808,22 +837,22 @@ static void set_params(void)
        params.frames_fill_max = 1024;
        params.frames_xrun_max = 0;
        if (snd_pcm_params(handle, &params) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to set params (where=%x, why=%x)\n", command, params.fail_mask, params.fail_reason);
+               error("unable to set params (where=%x, why=%x)\n", params.fail_mask, params.fail_reason);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (mmap_flag) {
                if (snd_pcm_mmap(handle, &mmap_status, &mmap_control, (void **)&mmap_data)<0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to mmap memory\n", command);
+                       error("unable to mmap memory\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
        if (snd_pcm_prepare(handle) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to prepare PCM\n", command);
+               error("unable to prepare PCM\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        memset(&setup, 0, sizeof(setup));
        if (snd_pcm_setup(handle, &setup) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to obtain setup\n", command);
+               error("unable to obtain setup\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 
@@ -836,7 +865,7 @@ static void set_params(void)
        buffer_bytes = buffer_size * bits_per_frame / 8;
        audiobuf = malloc(buffer_bytes);
        if (audiobuf == NULL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: not enough memory\n", command);
+               error("not enough memory\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        // fprintf(stderr, "real buffer_size = %i, frags = %i, total = %i\n", buffer_size, setup.buf.block.frags, setup.buf.block.frags * buffer_size);
@@ -847,21 +876,22 @@ static void set_params(void)
 void playback_underrun(void)
 {
        snd_pcm_status_t status;
+       int res;
        
        memset(&status, 0, sizeof(status));
-       if (snd_pcm_status(handle, &status)<0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "playback status error\n");
+       if ((res = snd_pcm_status(handle, &status))<0) {
+               error("playback status error: %s\n", snd_strerror(res));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (status.state == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN) {
                fprintf(stderr, "underrun at position %lu!!!\n", (unsigned long)status.frame_io);
-               if (snd_pcm_prepare(handle)<0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "underrun: playback prepare error\n");
+               if ((res = snd_pcm_prepare(handle))<0) {
+                       error("underrun: playback prepare error: %s\n", snd_strerror(res));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                return;         /* ok, data should be accepted again */
        }
-       fprintf(stderr, "write error\n");
+       error("write error\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
@@ -870,23 +900,24 @@ void playback_underrun(void)
 void capture_overrun(void)
 {
        snd_pcm_status_t status;
+       int res;
        
        memset(&status, 0, sizeof(status));
-       if (snd_pcm_status(handle, &status)<0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "capture status error\n");
+       if ((res = snd_pcm_status(handle, &status))<0) {
+               error("capture status error: %s\n", snd_strerror(res));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (status.state == SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING)
                return;         /* everything is ok, but the driver is waiting for data */
        if (status.state == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "overrun at position %lu!!!\n", (unsigned long)status.frame_io);
-               if (snd_pcm_prepare(handle)<0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "overrun: capture prepare error\n");
+               error("overrun at position %lu!!!\n", (unsigned long)status.frame_io);
+               if ((res = snd_pcm_prepare(handle))<0) {
+                       error("overrun: capture prepare error: %s\n", snd_strerror(res));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                return;         /* ok, data should be accepted again */
        }
-       fprintf(stderr, "read error\n");
+       error("read error\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
@@ -914,7 +945,7 @@ static ssize_t pcm_write(u_char *data, size_t count)
                } else if (r == -EPIPE) {
                        playback_underrun();
                } else if (r < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "write error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
+                       error("write error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                if (r > 0) {
@@ -958,7 +989,7 @@ static ssize_t pcm_writev(u_char **data, unsigned int channels, size_t count)
                } else if (r == -EPIPE) {
                        playback_underrun();
                } else if (r < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "writev error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
+                       error("writev error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                if (r > 0) {
@@ -994,7 +1025,7 @@ static ssize_t pcm_read(u_char *data, size_t rcount)
                } else if (r == -EPIPE) {
                        capture_overrun();
                } else if (r < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "read error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
+                       error("read error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                if (r > 0) {
@@ -1035,7 +1066,7 @@ static ssize_t pcm_readv(u_char **data, unsigned int channels, size_t rcount)
                } else if (r == -EPIPE) {
                        capture_overrun();
                } else if (r < 0) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "readv error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
+                       error("readv error: %s\n", snd_strerror(r));
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                if (r > 0) {
@@ -1079,7 +1110,7 @@ static void voc_write_silence(unsigned x)
 
        buf = (char *) malloc(buffer_bytes);
        if (buf == NULL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can allocate buffer for silence\n", command);
+               error("can't allocate buffer for silence\n");
                return;         /* not fatal error */
        }
        snd_pcm_format_set_silence(format.format, buf, buffer_size * format.channels);
@@ -1088,7 +1119,7 @@ static void voc_write_silence(unsigned x)
                if (l > buffer_size)
                        l = buffer_size;
                if (voc_pcm_write(buf, l) != l) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+                       error("write error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                x -= l;
@@ -1107,7 +1138,7 @@ static void voc_pcm_flush(void)
                        b = buffer_pos * 8 / bits_per_frame;
                }
                if (pcm_write(audiobuf, b) != b)
-                       fprintf(stderr, "voc_pcm_flush error\n");
+                       error("voc_pcm_flush error\n");
        }
        snd_pcm_flush(handle);
 }
@@ -1131,7 +1162,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
        data = buf = (u_char *)malloc(64 * 1024);
        buffer_pos = 0;
        if (data == NULL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "malloc error\n");
+               error("malloc error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (!quiet_mode) {
@@ -1139,15 +1170,15 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
        }
        /* first we waste the rest of header, ugly but we don't need seek */
        while (ofs > buffer_bytes) {
-               if (read(fd, buf, buffer_bytes) != buffer_bytes) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error\n", command);
+               if (safe_read(fd, buf, buffer_bytes) != buffer_bytes) {
+                       error("read error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                ofs -= buffer_bytes;
        }
        if (ofs) {
-               if (read(fd, buf, ofs) != ofs) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error\n", command);
+               if (safe_read(fd, buf, ofs) != ofs) {
+                       error("read error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
@@ -1164,7 +1195,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
                        if (in_buffer)
                                memcpy(buf, data, in_buffer);
                        data = buf;
-                       if ((l = read(fd, buf + in_buffer, buffer_bytes - in_buffer)) > 0)
+                       if ((l = safe_read(fd, buf + in_buffer, buffer_bytes - in_buffer)) > 0)
                                in_buffer += l;
                        else if (!in_buffer) {
                                /* the file is truncated, so simulate 'Terminator' 
@@ -1203,7 +1234,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
                                        d_printf("Channel data %d Hz\n", dsp_speed);
 #endif
                                        if (vd->pack) {         /* /dev/dsp can't it */
-                                               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play packed .voc files\n", command);
+                                               error("can't play packed .voc files\n");
                                                return;
                                        }
                                        if (format.channels == 2)               /* if we are in Stereo-Mode, switch back */
@@ -1255,8 +1286,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
 #endif
                                if (filepos >= 0) {     /* if < 0, one seek fails, why test another */
                                        if ((filepos = lseek(fd, 0, 1)) < 0) {
-                                               fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play loops; %s isn't seekable\n",
-                                                       command, name);
+                                               error("can't play loops; %s isn't seekable\n", name);
                                                repeat = 0;
                                        } else {
                                                filepos -= in_buffer;   /* set filepos after repeat */
@@ -1296,7 +1326,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
                                if (format.channels == 2)
                                        format.rate = format.rate >> 1;
                                if (eb->pack) {         /* /dev/dsp can't it */
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't play packed .voc files\n", command);
+                                       error("can't play packed .voc files\n");
                                        return;
                                }
 #if 0
@@ -1305,8 +1335,7 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
 #endif
                                break;
                        default:
-                               fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown blocktype %d. terminate.\n",
-                                       command, bp->type);
+                               error("unknown blocktype %d. terminate.\n", bp->type);
                                return;
                        }       /* switch (bp->type) */
                }               /* while (! nextblock)  */
@@ -1317,12 +1346,12 @@ static void voc_play(int fd, int ofs, char *name)
                if (l) {
                        if (output && !quiet_mode) {
                                if (write(2, data, l) != l) {   /* to stderr */
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+                                       error("write error\n");
                                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                }
                        } else {
                                if (voc_pcm_write(data, l) != l) {
-                                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+                                       error("write error\n");
                                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                }
                        }
@@ -1371,7 +1400,7 @@ static void begin_voc(int fd, size_t cnt)
        vh.coded_ver = 0x1233 - VOC_ACTUAL_VERSION;
 
        if (write(fd, &vh, sizeof(VocHeader)) != sizeof(VocHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+               error("write error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (format.channels > 1) {
@@ -1380,14 +1409,14 @@ static void begin_voc(int fd, size_t cnt)
                bt.datalen = 4;
                bt.datalen_m = bt.datalen_h = 0;
                if (write(fd, &bt, sizeof(VocBlockType)) != sizeof(VocBlockType)) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+                       error("write error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
                eb.tc = (u_short) (65536 - 256000000L / (format.rate << 1));
                eb.pack = 0;
                eb.mode = 1;
                if (write(fd, &eb, sizeof(VocExtBlock)) != sizeof(VocExtBlock)) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+                       error("write error\n");
                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                }
        }
@@ -1397,13 +1426,13 @@ static void begin_voc(int fd, size_t cnt)
        bt.datalen_m = (u_char) ((cnt & 0xFF00) >> 8);
        bt.datalen_h = (u_char) ((cnt & 0xFF0000) >> 16);
        if (write(fd, &bt, sizeof(VocBlockType)) != sizeof(VocBlockType)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+               error("write error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        vd.tc = (u_char) (256 - (1000000 / format.rate));
        vd.pack = 0;
        if (write(fd, &vd, sizeof(VocVoiceData)) != sizeof(VocVoiceData)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+               error("write error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 }
@@ -1427,7 +1456,7 @@ static void begin_wave(int fd, size_t cnt)
                bits = 16;
                break;
        default:
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: Wave doesn't support %s format...\n", command, snd_pcm_format_name(format.format));
+               error("Wave doesn't support %s format...\n", snd_pcm_format_name(format.format));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        h.magic = WAV_RIFF;
@@ -1459,7 +1488,7 @@ static void begin_wave(int fd, size_t cnt)
        if (write(fd, &h, sizeof(WaveHeader)) != sizeof(WaveHeader) ||
            write(fd, &f, sizeof(WaveFmtHeader)) != sizeof(WaveFmtHeader) ||
            write(fd, &c, sizeof(WaveChunkHeader)) != sizeof(WaveChunkHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+               error("write error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 }
@@ -1483,13 +1512,13 @@ static void begin_au(int fd, size_t cnt)
                ah.encoding = BE_INT(AU_FMT_LIN16);
                break;
        default:
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: Sparc Audio doesn't support %s format...\n", command, snd_pcm_format_name(format.format));
+               error("Sparc Audio doesn't support %s format...\n", snd_pcm_format_name(format.format));
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        ah.sample_rate = BE_INT(format.rate);
        ah.channels = BE_INT(format.channels);
        if (write(fd, &ah, sizeof(AuHeader)) != sizeof(AuHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error\n", command);
+               error("write error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 }
@@ -1499,7 +1528,7 @@ static void end_voc(int fd)
 {
        char dummy = 0;         /* Write a Terminator */
        if (write(fd, &dummy, 1) != 1) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: write error", command);
+               error("write error");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (fd != 1)
@@ -1561,7 +1590,7 @@ void playback_go(int fd, size_t loaded, size_t count, int rtype, char *name)
 
                        if (c == 0)
                                break;
-                       r = read(fd, audiobuf + l, c);
+                       r = safe_read(fd, audiobuf + l, c);
                        if (r < 0) {
                                perror(name);
                                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
@@ -1627,8 +1656,8 @@ static void playback(char *name)
                }
        }
        /* read the file header */
-       if (read(fd, audiobuf, sizeof(AuHeader)) != sizeof(AuHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error", command);
+       if (safe_read(fd, audiobuf, sizeof(AuHeader)) != sizeof(AuHeader)) {
+               error("read error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if (test_au(fd, audiobuf) >= 0) {
@@ -1636,10 +1665,10 @@ static void playback(char *name)
                playback_go(fd, 0, count, FORMAT_AU, name);
                goto __end;
        }
-       if (read(fd, audiobuf + sizeof(AuHeader),
+       if (safe_read(fd, audiobuf + sizeof(AuHeader),
                 sizeof(VocHeader) - sizeof(AuHeader)) !=
                 sizeof(VocHeader) - sizeof(AuHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error", command);
+               error("read error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if ((ofs = test_vocfile(audiobuf)) >= 0) {
@@ -1647,10 +1676,10 @@ static void playback(char *name)
                goto __end;
        }
        /* read bytes for WAVE-header */
-       if (read(fd, audiobuf + sizeof(VocHeader),
+       if (safe_read(fd, audiobuf + sizeof(VocHeader),
                 64 - sizeof(VocHeader)) !=
            64 - sizeof(VocHeader)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s: read error", command);
+               error("read error\n");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
        if ((ofs = test_wavefile(audiobuf, 64)) > 0) {
@@ -1717,13 +1746,13 @@ void playbackv_go(int* fds, unsigned int channels, size_t loaded, size_t count,
                if (expected > vsize)
                        expected = vsize;
                do {
-                       r = read(fds[0], bufs[0], expected);
+                       r = safe_read(fds[0], bufs[0], expected);
                        if (r < 0) {
                                perror(names[channel]);
                                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                        }
                        for (channel = 1; channel < channels; ++channel) {
-                               if (read(fds[channel], bufs[channel], r) != r) {
+                               if (safe_read(fds[channel], bufs[channel], r) != r) {
                                        perror(names[channel]);
                                        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
                                }
@@ -1802,7 +1831,7 @@ static void playbackv(char **names, unsigned int count)
                }
                alloced = 1;
        } else if (count != channels) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "You need to specify %d files\n", channels);
+               error("You need to specify %d files\n", channels);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 
@@ -1857,7 +1886,7 @@ static void capturev(char **names, unsigned int count)
                }
                alloced = 1;
        } else if (count != channels) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "You need to specify %d files\n", channels);
+               error("You need to specify %d files\n", channels);
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }